Sewing-machine



L. ONDERDONK AND A. J. WOHLPART. SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION mu) 0012,1916.

1,350, 934, Patented Aug. 24, 1920;

YSHEETS SHEET I.

L. ONDERDONK AND A. J. WOHLPART. sswme MACHINE. 7 APPLICATION FILED OCT, 2, I916. 1,13 5939 Patented 2 1, 19

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2 a wmwrHkWS L. ONDERDONK AND A. J. WOHLPART.

Patented Aug. 24, 1920.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

attouuu s L. ONDERDONK AND A. J. WOHLPART.

SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 2. me.

L. ONDERDONK AND A. J. WOHLPART.

SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 2, 1916.

htented Aug. 24, 1920.

7SHEETSSHEET 5.

L. ONDERDONK AND A. J. WOH'LPART.

SEWING MACHINE. APPLlCAHO N FILED OCT.2,1916.

1,850,984, Patented Aug 24, 1920.

7 SHEETS SHEET 6 L. ONDERDONK AND A. J. WOHLPART.

. SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 2, 19m.

Patented Aug. 24, 1920.

7 SHEETSSHEET 7.

Quorum ITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

ANSING ONDERDONK AND AUGUST J. WOHLPABT, OF NEVJ' YGRK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS TO UNION SPECIAL IvIACHINE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CQRPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

SEWING-MACHINE.

Application filed October 2, 1916.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, LANSING ONnnn- DONK and AUeUsr J. t VQ/HLPAR'I, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, New York, in the county of New York, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in vSewing- Machines, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing and to the figures of reference marked thereon.

The invention relates to new and useful improvements in sewing machines and more particularly to the stitch forming mechanism thereof.

An object of the invention is to provide a sewing machin having a plurality of pairs of needles, one of which is arranged in advance of the other and having a single looper cooperating with each pair of needles with a loop deflector cooperating with the rear pair of needles and operating to hold or move the needle loops back on the looper to one side of the needles whereby the needles are caused to enter the looper thread loop in advance of both needle loops.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of the above character wherein a loop deflector cooperates with each looper in the manner above stated, and wherein the pairs of needles are arranged so that the resulting stitches formed by the respective pairs overlap each other.

A further object of the invention is to provide a stitch forming mechanism having a needle and a looper with a loop deflector, which loop deflector moves backward with the looper and at a greater speed than the looper for engaging the'needle loop and holding the same positively to one side of the path of the needle so as to insure the needle entering the looper thread loop in advance of said needle loop.

A still further object ofv the invention is to provide a stitch forming mechanism hav ing a pair of needles with a loop deflector movable with the looper and at a greater speed than the looper for engaging the neodle loops and. moving both of the needle loops to one side of the path of the needles so as to insure that both needles will enter the looper thread loop in advance of both needle loops.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a stitch forming mechanism of Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2st, 1920.

Serial No. 123,339.

the above character wherein the loop deflector is moved toward the point of the looper as soon as the points of the needles have passed the looper body so as to relieve the needle loops from strain.

These and other objects will in part be obvious and will in part be hereinafter more fully disclosed.

in the drawings, which show by way of illustration one embodiment of the invention:

Figure 1 is a view, partly in section and partly in side elevation, showing part of a sewing machine embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail view, partly in section, showing the stitch forming mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2, the rear looper being shown at the forward end of its loop taking movement;

Fig. 4 is a similar view, but showing the rear looper at the rear end of its loop shedding stroke;

Fig. 5 is a similar view, but showing the rear looper in a position after it has just entered the needle thread loops;

Fig. 6 is a detail plan view showing the relative positions between the loopers and the deflectors for the needle thread loops;

Fig. 7 is a detail, perspective view of the looper rock shaft and the deflector actuating crank removed therefrom;

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the deflector holder;

Fig. 9 is a view showing, more or less diagrammatically, the relative positions of the needles, loopers and deflectors. the loopers just entering the needle thread loops;

Fig. 1.0 is a similar view, but showing the loopers at the forward end of their loop taking strokes;

Fig. 11 is a similar view, but showing the loopers during their backward or loop shedding stroke, the deflectors having been removed from the position shown in Fig. 10 to deflect the needle thread loops around the looper so that the needles will with certainty enter the looper thread loop in advance said needle thread loops, and showing in dotted lines the positions of the deflectors immediately following the entrance of the needles into said looper thread loops;

Fig. 12 is a similar view, but showing the loopers at the rear end of their strokes;

Fig. 13 is a side elevation showing, more or less diagrammatically, the relative positions between the loopers and the deflectors when said loopers are at the forward end of their strokes; V

Fig. 14; is a similar view, but showing the loopers during the first part of the backward movement thereof and also showing the movement of the deflectors in the same general direction;

Fig. 15 is a similar view, but showing the loopers in a still further retracted position and showing the deflectors moved toward the right as viewed in this figure.

Fig. 16 is a similar view, but showing the loopers in their rearmost positions, the defleetors being shown in the same relative position as shown in Fig. 14;

Fig. 17 is aperspective view of one of the needle guards and loop compelling means for the needle thread;

Fig. '18 is a view, partly in plan and partly in section, showing the presser foot, the trimmers and the upper cross thread laying mechanism. with the parts thereof in one extreme position;

Fig. 19 is a similar View, but showing the parts of the cross thread laying mechanism in another extreme position;

Fig. 20 is a top plan view of a seam constructed by the mechanism contained in this machine; '1

Fig. 21 is a bottom plan view showing one form of the seam constructed by the improved machine; and

Fig. 22 is a similar view, but showing another form.

The stitch forming mechanism is espe- .cially adapted for stitching loosely woven "pair being located in advance of the other and staggered relative thereto so that the resulting stitches overlap and the edges of the fabric meet underneath said overlapped sec tions. Cooperating with each pair of needles is a thread carrying looper and also cooperating with each looper in the present embodiment of the invention there is a needle loop deflector which moves into engagement with both of the needle loops and positively carries the same as the looper is retracted to one side of the path of the needles so to insure that both needles will enter the looper thread loop in advance of both the needle loops. In the resulting seam, therefore, the looper thread loop is a relatively large loop encircling both ofthe needle thread loops and this relatively large loop prevents raveling of theseam in case of the cutting or breaking of the looper thread. lihe loop reflector moves back and forth in a single plane, while the thread carrying looper has its usual four-motions, and the deflector is so positioned relative to the path of movement of the looper that, when the looper is moved laterally for its needle avoiding movement the needle loops will be released from the deflector. This deflector is independently mounted and operated and has an accelerated movement so as to insure the passing of the deflector across the path of movement of the needles and into engagement with the needle loops without striking the needles. This deflector is also given a slight movement toward the point of the looper just after the points of the needles have passed the looper body so as to relieve the needle thread loops from strain.

Referring more particularly to the drawings Theinvention'is shown as applied to a sewing machine having an overhanging arm 5 at the forward end of which is a reciprocating needle bar 6 carrying two pairs of needles 77 and 8-8. Cooperating with the needles 7-7 beneath the work support 9 is a looper 10 and cooperating with the needles 8-8 beneath the work support is a looper 11. Inasmuch as a single looper cooperates with each pair of needles, the looper thread will join the needle thread loops of the respective pair of needles with which the looper cooperates. Theloopers 10 and 11 are smooth or symmetrical, and are supported on the looper shaft 12. Suitable mechanism is con nected to the looper supporting shaft 12 to rock said shaft and move the same endwise so as to give said loopers the well-known four-motionmovements,that is a loop taking movement, a loop shedding movement, and the needle avoiding movements. A suitable mechanism for this purpose is shown in the .Onderdonk Patent 839,077, granted December 18, 1906.

Thelooper support or shaft 12 is, of course, journaled in the work supporting arm or cylinderfi), and the loopers are inclosed by. an end cap 13 removably attached to the work supporting arm. Disposed with in the work supporting arm is a feeding mechanism which includes the feed dog l-f k. The needles 7 are disposed in a plane in ad- Vance of the plane of the needles 8 and are offset from the latter so that two separate overlapping seams will be formed.

Disposed within the work supporting arm 9 and fixed to an upwardly extending lug 15 is abearing pin .16. This bearing pin is disposed directly below the looper supporting shaft 12 and extends forwardly to a point under the loopers. A sleeve 17 is freely mounted on the outer end of this hearing pin, and this sleeve is held against longitudinal movement by a stop collar 18. Fixed to the sleeve 17 by a set-screw 19 is a deflector holder 20, and this holder is forked to form soaced u wardl extendin i, c

arms 21 and 22. Adjustably mounted in a socket formed in the arm 21 is a deflector finger 23 which cooperates with the looper 10 to deflect the needle thread loops formed by the needles 77 out of the path of said needles during their descent. The finger 23 extends upwardly in rear of the looper 10' and the upper end 24 thereof is bent forwardly so as to be disposed above but in spaced relation to the looper 10. A deflector finger 25 is supported in the arm 22 of the deflector holder and is of the same general construction as the deflector finger 23. The finger 25, of course, cooperates with the looper 11 in the same manner that the deflector 23 cooperates with the looper 10. Inasmuch as the needles of one pair are offset from the needles of the other pair, one of these deflectors is offset from the other so as to properly cooperate with the needle thread loops of the respective pairs of needles.

The bearing pin 16 is disposed parallel with the looper supporting shaft 12, and as a result the deflector holder 20 is oscillated about the bearing pin 16 and in a plane at right angles to the line of feed but in a plane parallel to the loopers in the thread loop taking or loop shedding movements. By means of the collar 18, the deflector holder 20 is held from endwise movement on the hearing pin and, consequently, the deflector fingers do not have any transverse movement relative to said loopers.

In order to oscillate thedeflectors, the arm 21 of the deflector holder is provided with a laterally extending lug 26 having an elongated opening 27 formed therein, the walls of the opening forming cam surfaces 28, 29 and 30., respectively. A roller 31 is arranged to move up and down in the opening 27 and cotiperate with the cam surfaces thereof. This roller is fixed to one end of a crank arm 32, and the other end of said crank arm carries a shank 33 which is fitted within an opening 34 extending inwardly from the outer end of the looper shaft 12 and is fixed to said shaft by a set-screw 35. As a result, the crank and roller 31 oscillate with the oscillations of the looper shaft 12.

The various steps imparted to these deflectors through the medium of the crank and cam slot driving connection is clearly illustrated in Figs. 9 to 15, inclusive. Inasmuch as both deflectors cooperate with the respective loopers in exactly the same way, the description of the movements of one looper and one deflector will suffice.

\Vhen the looper is at the rear end of its stroke, as shown in Figs. 12 and 16, the deflector is in a position to the left of the needles, as viewed in The looper is then moved forwardly into the needle thread loops and thence to the forward end of its stroke or to the position shown in Fig. 13. During the forward movement of the looper, the deflector through the crank and cam driving connection is moved to a position at the right of the needles, as is shown in Fig. 3. The looper is then moved. laterally to avoid the needles and by this movement of the looper is positioned under the deflector, as clearly shown in Fi 10. The looper then gives its loop shedding movement and simulta-neously therewith the deflector is moved in the same c.irectio11, the roller 31 cooperating with the cam surface 29 for this purpose. The deflector in this movement pushes both needle thread loops backwardly along the looper so as to position said loops out of the path of both needles whereby during the next descent of said needles they will enter the looper thread loop or ahead of both needle thread loops. As soon as the needles enter the looper thread loop, as above described, the roller 31 coi'iperating withthe cam surface 30 causes the deflector to move a slight distance toward the front of the looper, to the position shown in Fig. 1.5. This reverse movement of the deflector permits a slight slack to occur in the needle thread loops, relieving the same from strain as the looper continues its backward movement.

It will be noted that the deflector travels in substantially the same time as the looper but only about one quarter of the distance of said looper travel. T he deflector travels far enough to the left of the needles, as viewed in Fig. 3, to insureboth needles entering the looper thread loop in advance of the needle thread loops. It is also to be noted that through the medium of the cam surfaces 29, the roller 31 causes the deflector to become accelerated relative to the speed travel of the looper in its loop shedding movement. This accelerated speed of the de flector permits the deflector to pass under the descending needles and perform its function of deflecting the needle thread loops andreach a position to the left of the needle, as viewed in Fig. 3, before the needles enter the looper thread loop.

Adjustably secured to the deflector holder 20 by set-screws 36 are needle guards 37--37. Each screw 36 passes through an elongated opening 38 in the corresponding needle guard and permits said needle guard to be shifted laterally. This needle guard operates in the well known way, that is it aids the needle in throwing out its thread loop and will also serve to prevent the rear needle from being deflected into the path of the front looper.

The machine shown in the drawings in cludes a presser foot 39 which is supported on the usual presser bar 10. Cooperating with this foot is a trimming mechanism which includes a ledger blade 41 and a movable plate42 for trimming the edges of the material whereby said edges may be subsequently disposed in abutted relationand seamed by the stitch forming mechanism previously described. Cooperating with the needles ofeach pair is an upper cross thread laying mechanism which includes a stanovel devices herein described.

In operation, two fabric sections F and F are fed to the stitch forming mechanism and their edges are trimmed and then disposed in abutted relation and seamed. The seam thus produced is in reality a duplex seam, that is, twoseparate seams are formed one overlapping the other and the cross threads which cover the abutted edges are clearly shown in Fig. 20. The needle threads of the needles 7-7 are indicated in this figure at 7(, and the needle threads of the needles 88 are represented at 8--8. The cross thread for the needles 77 is indicated at 47, and the cross thread of the seam for the needles 8-8 is indicated at 48. The looper thread of the looper 10 is indicated at 49, while the looper thread of the looper 11 is indicated at 50.

It will be noted that the looper thread 50 passes through both the loops formed in the needle threads 88 and is then formed into a large loop which encircles the next pair of loops formed in the needle threads 8 -8: In Fig. 21 of the drawings, the same is true of the looper thread 49. It is likewise formed into this enlarged loop which encircles both of the loops formed in the needle threads 7 a on the next descent of the needles. This enlarged looper thread loop is of particular advantage in the form of seam shown in the drawings, that is, where the edges of fabric are abutted and joined solely by this duplex seam. When the looper thread breaks or is cut at the end of a seam, lateral strain on the fabric sections is brought directly to bear on the enchained loops and tends to draw the loops from their enchainment and ravel the same. Where, however, the looper thread is formed into this enlarged loop, the needle loop willdraw down against the looper thread loop and tie the same before the enlarged loop can be drawn therethrough. This prevents any possible unraveling of the seam;

- Should either of the deflectors be removed from the machine, the looper will cooperate with the needles to form stitches in a manner well-known in' the art, but in such a case concatenated with only one of the next formed needle thread loops. In Fig. 20 of the drawings is shown a seam formed by the above described stitching mechanism when the deflector for the needle loops of the front pair of needles is removed from the machine. The looper thread 52 passes through both pairs of loops formed in the needle threads 7 7 and the loop 53 of this looper thread encircles the right hand needle thread loop formed with the next descent of the needles, as shown in Fig. 22. One strand 5% of this looper thread loop also encircles the other loop formed in the needle thread 7 at the next descent of the needles. It will be noted that the loop in the looper thread projecting beyond the right hand needle thread loop is relatively smaller than the looper thread loop formed in the looper thread 50 and projecting in the right hand needle loop 8", but this looper thread loop 53 is tied down or covered by the stitches formed through the cooperation of the looper 10 with the needles 88, and this would tend to'prevent raveling of the stitches formed by the needles 77 of the looper 9, while'the enlarged looper thread loops formed in the looper thread 50 prevent raveling of'the stitches formed by the looper 10 and the needles 8-8, as above described.

It will, of course, be readily understood that if both deflectors are removed, then the concatenation of the looper thread 50 with the needle threads 88. would be the same as that shown in connection with the looper thread 49 and the needle threads T i in Fig. 22 of the drawings.

While the deflector is shown and described as used in connection with pairs of needles arranged one in advance of the other, it will be understood that this deflector may be used with a single pair of needles or even with a single needle and advantages obtained thereby. The deflector moves in a single plane and, therefore, may be operated by relatively simple and durable mechanism. Furthermore, the deflector is given an accelerated movement which insures it crossing the path of the needle when the looper is being retracted and give plenty of time for the descent of the needle, and then again, this deflector has a slight movement toward the point of the looper after the needle has passed the body of the looper so as to relieve the needle loop or loops from strain which facilitates the backing out of the looper from the needle loops. It will be understood, therefore, that the specific loop deflector and its operating mechanism 'may be used in other relations than the specific embodiment of the invention illustrated.

It is obvious that minor changes in the details of construction and the arrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, as set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is l. A sewing machine including in combi nation, needles ar'anged in pairs, one pair being in front of the other, a looper cooperating with the front pair of needles, a looper cooperating with the rear pair of needles, a deflector for the needle thread loops of one pair of needles, and means for operating said deflector whereby the needle loops engaged thereby are moved to one side of the path of the needles and the needles caused to enter the looper thread loop in advance of the loops of both needles.

2. A sewing machine including in combi nation, needles arranged in pairs, one pair being in front of the other, a looper coo-perating with the front pair of needles, and a looper cooperating with the rear pair of needles, a deflector cooperating with ach looper, and means for operating said deflectors whereby the needle thread loops of the respective pairs of needles are engaged by their respective deflectors and moved to one side of the needles so as to cause the pairs of needles to enter their respective needle thread loops in advance of the loops of the needle threads.

3. A sewing machine including in combination, a pair of needles, a looper cooperating therewith, a deflector, and means for operating said deflector whereby it is caused to m ve with the looper in its movement out of the needle loops and at a greater speed than the looper for engaging the loops in the needle threads and moving the same to one side of the needles to cause the needles to enter the looper thread loop in advance of both needle thread loops. 4. A sewing machine including in combination a pair of needles, a looper, a looper shaft on which the looper is mounted, means for oscillating the shaft for causing the loopers to enter the needle thread loops, a deflector, and means for moving the deflector back and forth in a plane at right angles to the axis of the shaft, said deflector being disposed relative to the looper, so as to engage the needle loops and move the same rearwardly on the looper to one side of the needles, whereby the needles will. be caused to enter the looper thread. in advance of both needle loops and for moving said deflector whereby it is caused to release the needle thread loops from strain after the points of the needles have passed the body of the looper.

5. A sewing machine including in combination a feeding mechanism, a pair of needles arranged in a plane at right angles to the line of feed, a looper cooperating therewith, means for moving said looper into and out of the needle loops and laterally for its needle avoiding movement, a loop deflector, means for moving said deflee-tor back and forth in a single vertical plane and across the path of the needles, said means for operating said deflector being timed so as to cause the deflector to engage the needle thread loops and positively move the same to one side of the needles so that both needles will enter the looper thread loop in advance of the needle loops.

6. A sewing machine including in com bination a feeding mechanism, a pair of needles arranged in a plane at right angles to the line of feed, a looper cooperating therewith, means for moving said looper into and out of the needle loops and laterally for its needle avoiding movement, a loop deflector, means for moving said deflector back and forth in a single plane and across the path of the needles, said means for operating said deflector being timed so as to cause the deflector to engage the needle thread. loops and positively move the same to one side of the needles so that both needles will enter the looper thread loop in advance of the needle loops, and so as to cause said deflector to release the needle thread loops from strain after the points of the needles have passed the body of the looper.

7 A sewing machine including in combination, a pair of needles, a looper cooperating with said needles, means for moving the looper into and out of the needle loops and laterally for its needle avoiding movement, needle-thread loop deflector, a holder for said loop deflector, means for pivotally supporting said loop deflector, an oscillating crank arm, said holder having a cam face adapted to be engaged by said crank arm.

8. A sewing machine including in combination, a pair of needles, a looper cooperating with said needles, means for moving the looper into and out of the needle loops and laterally for its needle avoiding movement, a loop deflector, a holder for said loop deflector, means for pivotally supporting said loop deflector, an oscillating crank arm, said loop holder having a cam face adapted to be engaged by said crank arm, said cam face being so shaped as to move the deflector with the looper and at a greater speed than the looper for engaging the needle thread loops and holding the same at one side of the needles.

9. 1-1 sewing machine including in combination, a pair of needles, a looper cooperating with said needles, means for moving the looper into and out of the needle loops and laterally for its needle avoiding movement, a loop deflector, a holder for said loop deflector, means for pivotally supporting said loop deflector, an oscillating crank arm, said loop holder having a cam face adapted to be engaged by said crank arm, said cam face being so shaped as to move the deflector with the looper and at a greater speed than the looper and also to retract the deflector from engagement with the needle thread loops while the looper is moving backward out of the needle thread loops.

10. A sewing machine including in combination, a pair of needles, a looper cooperating with both needles, means for moving the looper into and out of the needle loops and for moving the same laterally for its needle avoiding movements, a loop deflector, a holder for said deflector, an oscillating crank arm, a roller carried thereby, said deflector holder having a cam slot therein adapted to receive the roller on said crank arm.

11. A sewing machine including in combination, a pair of needles, a looper, a looper shaft supporting said looper, means for 03- a cillating said looper shaft and for moving the same endwise for giving movements-t0 the looper, a deflector, a deflector holder, means for pivotally supporting said deflector holder whereby said deflector moves back and forth in a plane at right angles to the looper shaft, a crank arm carried by the looper shaft, said deflector holder having a cam slot formed therein adapted to engage said crank arm.

12. sewing machine including in combination, a pair of needles, a looper, a looper shaft supporting said looper, means for oscillating said looper shaft and for moving the same endwise for giving movements to the looper, a deflector, a deflector holder, means for pivotally supporting said deflector holder whereby said deflector moves back and forth in a plane at right angles to the looper shaft, a crank arm carried by the looper shaft, said deflector holder having a cam slot formed therein adapted to engage said crank arm, said cam slot being shaped so as to move the deflector with the looper and at a greater speed than the looper when moving the needle thread loops to one side of the needles and for moving the deflector away from the needle loops after the points or" the needles have passed the body of the looper so as to relieve said needle thread loops from strain.

13. A sewing machine including in combination, a needle, a looper cooperating therewith, a deflector, means'for moving said deflector with the looper in its movement out of the needle loops and at a greater speed than the looper for causing the deflector to engage the needle loop on the looper and hold the same back out of the path of the needle, said deflector operating means also causing the deflector to release the needle thread loop after the point of the needle has passed the looper.

let. A sewing machine including in combination, a needle, a looper cooperating therewith, a deflector, means for moving said deflector with the looper in its movement out of the needle loops and at a greater speed than the looper for causing the deflector to engage the needle loop on the looper and hold the same back out of the path of the needle.

In testimony whereof, we aflix our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

LANSING ONDERDONK. AUGUST J. WOHLPART.

Witnesses:

J OHN H. HOWELL, MATTHEW P. RYAN. 

